What Is A Bar Code Scanner? - All You Need To Know Before Choosing A Barcode Scanner

What Is A Barcode Scanner?

Barcodes scanners are employed by companies to capture and interpret data stored within a barcode. These scanners typically comprise a light source, a lens, and a light sensor that converts optical signals into electrical signals.

The functionality of a barcode scanner involves projecting a light beam over the barcode and gauging the intensity of light reflected. The dark bars on the barcode reflect less light compared to the white spaces between them. Subsequently, the scanner converts the light energy into electrical energy, which is further translated into data by the decoder and subsequently sent to a computer.

How do Barcode Scanners work?

Barcodes are machine-readable representations of data in the form of a series of black and white lines of varying widths. These barcodes are widely used in various industries for tracking, inventory management, point-of-sale systems, and more.

Here's how barcode scanners work:

1. Illumination: The barcode scanner emits a beam of light, usually in the form of a laser or LED, onto the barcode. The light is typically in the red spectrum, but other colors may also be used.
2. Reflection: When the light hits the barcode, it is reflected back. The black lines on the barcode absorb the light, while the white spaces reflect it.
3. Photodiode or Image Sensor: The barcode scanner is equipped with a light-sensitive component called a photodiode or an image sensor. This component receives the reflected light and converts it into an electrical signal.
4. Analog to Digital Conversion: The electrical signal from the photodiode or image sensor is converted from analog to digital data so that a computer or microprocessor can process it.
5. Signal Processing: The digital data undergoes signal processing to clean up and enhance the information received from the barcode. This process involves filtering out noise, adjusting contrast, and optimizing the signal for decoding.
6. Decoding: Once the signal is processed, the barcode scanner uses algorithms to decode the pattern of the black and white lines. Each barcode type has a specific format, and the scanner must recognize the pattern correctly to extract the encoded information.
7. Data Output: After successful decoding, the barcode scanner sends the extracted data to a connected computer, point-of-sale terminal, inventory system, or any other device where the information can be used.

There are different types of barcode scanners available, such as laser scanners, CCD (Charge-Coupled Device) scanners, and image-based scanners. Each type works slightly differently in the way they capture and decode the barcode information, but the core principles remain similar.
Barcode scanners have become an integral part of modern business operations, enabling quick and accurate data entry and reducing the likelihood of human errors in tasks like inventory management and product identification.

Types of Barcode Scanners

There are several types of barcode scanners available, each with its specific features and applications. Here are some common types of barcode scanners:

1. Handheld Laser Scanners: These scanners use a laser beam to read barcodes. They are one of the most common types and can read barcodes from a short distance. Handheld laser scanners are widely used in retail environments and logistics.
2. Linear Imager Scanners: Instead of using a laser, linear imager scanners use LED lights to capture the barcode data. They are durable, have no moving parts, and can read barcodes from a close range. Linear imagers are often used in industries where ruggedness is essential, such as manufacturing and warehousing.
3. 2D Area Imagers: Unlike 1D barcode scanners that read only horizontal lines, 2D area imagers can read both 1D and 2D barcodes. These scanners use cameras and sophisticated image processing algorithms to decode the data. They are becoming increasingly popular due to their ability to read QR codes and other 2D symbologies, as well as traditional barcodes. They are commonly used in retail, healthcare, and transportation.
4. Pen-Type Scanners: These handheld scanners are similar in appearance to a pen or wand. The user manually swipes the scanner over the barcode, and it captures the data. Pen-type scanners are relatively inexpensive but require a steady hand and direct contact with the barcode.
5. CCD (Charge-Coupled Device) Scanners: CCD scanners use an array of tiny light sensors to capture barcode data. They are more durable than laser scanners and can read barcodes from a short distance. CCD scanners are often used in retail and library applications.
6. Mobile Barcode Scanners: These scanners are built into smartphones or tablets, leveraging the device's camera to read barcodes. Specialized mobile apps are used to process the barcode data, making it convenient for inventory management, ticketing, and other on-the-go applications.
7. Fixed-Mount Scanners: These scanners are installed in a fixed position, typically integrated into a larger system, such as a production line or a self-checkout kiosk. Fixed-mount scanners can read barcodes automatically as items pass by, improving efficiency and reducing the need for manual scanning.

Each type of barcode scanner has its advantages and is suitable for different use cases, so the choice depends on the specific requirements of the application.

Things to Consider When Choosing A Barcode Scanner

When choosing a barcode scanner, there are several factors to consider to ensure it meets your specific needs and requirements. Here are some key considerations:

1. Barcode Type: Different barcode scanners support various barcode types such as UPC, EAN, Code 128, QR codes, etc. Ensure that the scanner you choose can read the specific types of barcodes used in your industry or application.
2. Connectivity: Barcode scanners can have different connectivity options, including USB, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, and wired connections. Choose one that seamlessly integrates with your existing hardware and software systems.
3. Form Factor: Consider the form factor that suits your needs best. Options include handheld scanners, presentation scanners, and fixed-mount scanners. The form factor will depend on factors like the environment, volume of scanning, and user preferences.
4. Scan Range: Different scanners have varying scanning ranges. For example, some are designed for close-range scanning, while others can read barcodes from several feet away. Determine the optimal scanning distance required for your application.
5. Scanning Speed: The scanning speed can vary among different barcode scanners. For high-volume scanning applications, you might need a scanner with fast and efficient scanning capabilities.
6. Durability and Environment: Consider the operating environment for the scanner. If it will be used in harsh conditions, such as industrial settings or outdoor environments, opt for a rugged scanner that can withstand dust, water, and drops.
7. Ease of Use: Look for a scanner that is user-friendly and easy for your employees to operate without significant training.
8. Compatibility: Ensure the barcode scanner is compatible with your existing software and operating systems. Check for compatibility with various devices, including computers, smartphones, and tablets.
9. Power Source: Barcode scanners can be battery-powered or connected directly to a power source. Consider your scanning requirements and how often the scanner will be in use before deciding on the power source.
10. Cost: Barcode scanners come in a wide price range. Set a budget and find a scanner that offers the features you need within that budget.
11. Readability and Accuracy: Check for reviews and ratings on the scanner's readability and accuracy. The scanner should consistently read barcodes correctly without errors.
12. Warranty and Support: Look for scanners that come with a warranty and good customer support to address any issues that may arise.
13. Additional Features: Some barcode scanners come with extra features like data storage, batch scanning capabilities, or integration with other business tools. Assess whether these additional features are necessary for your application.

By carefully considering these factors, you can choose a barcode scanner that best fits your business needs and ensures efficient and accurate barcode scanning processes.